ACE Health Coach Certification Practice Test

Which micronutrient's deficiency during childhood and adolescence may result in decreased peak bone mass and suboptimal bone strength?

1. Iodine

2. Vitamin D

3. Calcium

4. Vitamin E

The correct answer is: Calcium

The correct choice is Calcium, as it plays a crucial role in bone development during childhood and adolescence. This period is characterized by significant bone growth, and adequate calcium intake is essential for achieving optimal peak bone mass, which is the maximum amount of bone mineral density that a person reaches. A deficiency in calcium during these critical growth years can lead to decreased bone density and strength, increasing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis later in life. While Vitamin D is also important for calcium absorption and bone health, the direct impact on bone mass primarily relates to calcium intake. Iodine and Vitamin E do not have a direct link to peak bone mass and strength as they serve different functions in the body, such as thyroid health and antioxidant properties, respectively. Hence, insufficient calcium intake is the primary concern when considering bone mass and strength during the growth stages of childhood and adolescence.